Top 150+ Solved Renal MCQ Questions Answer
Q. Which part of the renal tubule is Na+ NOT actively transported out of?
a. proximal convoluted tubule
b. thin portions of the loop of Henle
c. thick ascending limb of loop of Henle
d. distal convoluted tubule
e. collecting duct
Q. Where is the macula densa located?
a. afferent arteriole
b. efferent arteriole
c. proximal convoluted tubule
d. thick ascending limb of loop of Henle
e. distal convoluted tubule
Q. What percentage of cardiac output goes to the kidneys at rest?
a. 10%
b. 15%
c. 25%
d. 35%
e. 45%
Q. Angiotensin II:
a. constricts afferent arterioles only
b. constricts efferent arterioles only
c. constricts afferent and efferent arterioles
d. dilates afferent arterioles
e. dilates efferent arterioles
Q. Regarding nephrons permeability:
a. glomerular capillaries are 100 times more permeable than skeletal muscle capillaries
b. anionic substances are more permeable than neutral substances
c. N (?normal) glomerular concentration of albumin is 0.2% of plasma concentration
d. neutral substances are freely filtered with diameters < 8nm
e. 100mg/d of protein is filtered at the glomerulus
Q. Where does glucose reabsorption occur?
a. proximal convoluted tubule
b. thin descending limb of loop of Henle
c. thick ascending limb of loop of Henle
d. distal convoluted tubule
e. collecting duct
Q. Vasopressin acts as the:
a. proximal convoluted tubule
b. loop of Henle
c. distal convoluted tubule
d. cortical portion of the collecting duct
e. medullary portion of the collecting duct
Q. Regarding the bladder:
a. the external urethral sphincter is made up of smooth muscle cells
b. the internal urethral sphincter does not encircle the urethra
c. pelvic nerves (S2-S4) supply the external sphincter
d. when the bladder is stretched, tension is maintained
e. relaxation of the internal urethral sphincter assists micturition
Q. Which substance relaxes mesangial cells?
a. angiotensin II
b. ADH
c. noradrenaline
d. thromboxane A2
e. ANP
Q. Concerning the kidneys:
a. normal glomerular filtration rate is 250ml/minute
b. normal renal plasma flow is 125ml/minute
c. normal filtration fraction is 0.19
d. blood flow is normally higher in the medulla than the cortex
e. normal blood volume in the kidneys at any one time is 250ml
Q. Regarding renal handling of substances:
a. urea is filtered, but not secreted
b. most sodium is resorbed in the loop of Henle
c. creatinine is not filtered, but is resorbed
d. potassium is filtered, but not secreted
e. chloride is secreted and resorbed
Q. Which of the following is transported via active transport?
a. chloride
b. hydrogen
c. glucose
d. urea
e. bicarbonate
Q. Concerning the respiratory exchange ration (R)
a. it falls during exercise
b. it falls in metabolic acidosis
c. the stomach has a positive R during secretion of acid
d. it rises after ingestion of alkali
e. at steady state, it equals the respiratory quotient
Q. Regarding fat metabolism, all are true EXCEPT:
a. brown fat is characterised by a H+ short circuit protein in the mitochondria
b. heparin is a cofactor for lipoprotein lipase
c. ketone bodies accumulate in diabetic ketoacidosis due to reduced removal from the circulation
d. the essential fatty acids are used to produce autocoids
e. there is no major pathway for converting fat to carbohydrate
Q. Triiodothyronine:
a. is less potent than thyroxine
b. deficiency causes yellow skin due to keratin buildup
c. acts via a tyrosine kinase predominantly
d. causes an increase in Na+ /K+ ATPase activity
e. in both, deficiency but no excess leads to muscle weakness