Top 150+ Solved Renal MCQ Questions Answer
Q. Angiotensin II causes:
a. greater constriction of efferent than afferent arterioles
b. greater construction of afferent than efferent arterioles
c. constriction of afferent arterioles only
d. constriction of efferent arterioles only
e. has no effect on arteriolar constriction
Q. With regard to the effect of hormones on renal tubules, which is CORRECT?
a. aldosterone increases potassium reabsorption from the distal tubule
b. angiotensin II increases hydrogen ion secretion from the proximal tubules
c. ADH increases water reabsorption in the proximal tubule
d. atrial naturetic peptide decreases sodium reabsorption from the proximal tubules
e. parathyroid hormone increases phosphate reabsorption
Q. With regard to tuboglomerular feedback:
a. the GFR increases when flow through the distal tubule increases
b. the macula densa on the afferent arteriole is the sensor
c. the afferent arteriole is constricted by thromboxane A2
d. it is designed to maintain sodium reabsorption
e. it does not operate in individual nephrons
Q. The primary reason for the decreased medullary hypertonicity associated withosmotic diuresis is:
a. an associated increased urine volume
b. the limiting concentration gradient for sodium reabsorption is reached
c. tubular fluid has an increased sodium concentration
d. the total amount of sodium reaching the loop of Henle is increased
e. the associated maximal vasopressin secretion
Q. With respect to renal handling of glucose:
a. glucose is reabsorbed from within the distal tubule by co-transport
b. glucose is reabsorbed from within the proximal tubule by facilitated diffusion
c. glucose is always completely reabsorbed
d. movement of glucose from tubular epithelial cells is by passive diffusion
e. none of the above
Q. Creatinine:
a. is synthesised in the liver from methionine, glycine and anganine
b. is converted directly to creatine
c. has variable excretion from day to day
d. creatinuria occurs normally in the elderly and in pregnant women
e. all of the above
Q. The thin ascending loop of Henle is:
a. relatively permeable to water
b. relatively impermeable to sodium ion
c. permeable to both water and sodium ion
d. relatively impermeable to water
e. relatively impermeable to both water and sodium ion
Q. The primary effect of angiotensin II on renal vasculature is:
a. constriction of efferent arterioles
b. enhanced prostaglandin mediated increased blood flow to the renal cortex
c. enhanced catecholamine mediated afferent arteriolar vasoconstriction
d. enhanced catecholamine mediated afferent vasodilatation
e. constriction of interlobular arteries
Q. What percentage of filtered sodium is reabsorbed by the kidney?
a. 1%
b. 93%
c. 99%
d. 50%
e. 100%
Q. Tuboglomerular feedback refers to:
a. the process of increased sodium reabsorption associated with an increased glomerular filtration
b. changes in peri-tubular oncotic pressure associated with changes in glomerular filtration
c. decreased glomerular filtration associated with increased flow through the loop of Henle
d. increased glomerular filtration associated with decreased peri-tubular oncotic pressure
e. thromboxane A2 mediated increased sodium reabsorption associated with increased renal blood flow
Q. Frusemide acts mainly at:
a. proximal tubule
b. thin limb of loop of Henle
c. thick limb of loop of Henle
d. distal tubule
e. collecting duct
Q. At which site does tubular fluid osmolality exceed that of plasma by the greatestamount?
a. proximal tubule
b. thin limb of loop of Henle
c. thick limb of loop of Henle
d. distal tubule
e. collecting duct
Q. At which site is sodium ion NOT actively reabsorbed?
a. proximal tubule
b. thin limb of loop of Henle
c. thick limb of loop of Henle
d. distal tubule
e. collecting duct
Q. At which site(s) is potassium ion secreted?
a. distal tubule and collecting duct
b. proximal tubule and distal tubule
c. think limb of loop of Henle only
d. thin limb and thick limb of loop of Henle
e. none of the above
Q. At which site does chlorthiazide act?
a. proximal tubule
b. thin limb of loop of Henle
c. thick limb of loop of Henle
d. distal tubule
e. collecting duct