Top 150+ Solved Renal MCQ Questions Answer

a. intracellular

b. interstitial

c. CSF

d. blood

e. collecting duct

a. respiratory acidosis

b. respiratory alkalosis

c. metabolic acidosis

d. metabolic alkalosis

e. collecting duct

a. respiratory acidosis

b. respiratory alkalosis

c. hyperkalaemia

d. carbonic anhydrase inhibition

e. collecting duct

a. cyanide

b. zinc

c. azide

d. sulphide

e. collecting duct

a. moderate constriction of efferent arterioles

b. moderate constriction of afferent arterioles

c. increased Bowman’s capsule pressure

d. increased glomerular capillary osmotic pressure

e. collecting duct

a. increased concentration of Mg2+

b. decreased concentration of plasma proteins

c. decreased concentration of lactate

d. increased concentration of ketoacids

e. collecting duct

a. humans have approximately 1.3 million nephrons

b. glomerular membrane excludes substances greater than 4nm in diameter

c. total area of glomerular capillary endothelium is 8m2

d. nephrons length is 45-65mm

e. collecting duct

a. U/P ratio for creatinine is 150mg/dl

b. U/P ratio for glucose is 10

c. Na concentration in the urine usually exceeds over 150mg/dl

d. the usual glucose excretion in the urine is 100mg/dl

e. collecting duct

a. proximal convoluted tubular cells have lateral intercellular spaces

b. the cells in the descending loop of Henle have large numbers of mitochondria

c. the ascending loop of Henle contributes to the formation of juxtaglomerular apparatus

d. in humans only 15% of the nephrons have long loops

e. collecting duct

a. 90% of the water is absorbed by the proximal convoluted tubule

b. renal threshold for glucose is 300mg/dl

c. the main mechanism of the Na reabsorption from the tubular fluid to proximal convoluted tubule is via Na/K/ATP a pump

d. the main mechanism of Na absorption in the ascending loop of Henle is via cotransport of Na/K/2Cl:

e. collecting duct

a. distal convoluted tubule

b. proximal convoluted tubule

c. cortical part of the collecting duct

d. medullary part of collecting duct

e. thick ascending limb of loop of Henle

a. the main buffer system is H2PO4

b. the main mechanism of H+ secretion in the proximal tubule is via proton pump

c. dibasic phosphate buffer is most effective at proximal convoluted tubule

d. the H+ secretion at proximal tubule is mediated Na/K/ATPase

e. thick ascending limb of loop of Henle

a. renin has many functions including the formation of angiotensin I from angiotensinogen

b. after nephrectomy, circulating levels of prorenin fall

c. renin is formed in the juxtaglomerular cells of the kidney

d. active renin has a half-life in the circulation of 40 minutes or less

e. prorenin is biologically active

a. sodium depletion

b. diuretics

c. hypertension

d. cardiac failure

e. cirrhosis

a. prostaglandins

b. angiotensin II

c. vasopressin

d. increased afferent arteriolar pressure

e. increased Na+ and Cl- reabsorption across the macular densa