Top 150+ Solved Pharmaceutical Chemistry - Medicinal Chemistry 4 MCQ Questions Answer
Q. Thiazide diuretics enhance K+ elimination in urine primarily by:
a. Inhibiting proximal tubular K+ reabsorption
b. Inhibiting Na+ K+-2Cl– cotransport in the ascending limb of loop of Henle
c. Increasing the availability of Na+ in the distal tubular fluid to exchange with interstitial K+
d. Potentiating the action of aldosterone
Q. The primary site of action of thiazide diuretics is:
a. Proximal tubule
b. Ascending limb of loop of Henle
c. Cortical diluting segment
d. Collecting ducts
Q. The most important reason for the thiazides being only moderately efficacious diuretics is:
a. About 9/10th of glomerular filtrate is reabsorbed proximal to their site of action
b. Compensatory increase in reabsorption at sites not affected by these drugs
c. They decrease glomerular filtration
d. They have relatively flat dose response curve
Q. Long-term thiazide therapy can cause hyperglycaemia by:
a. Reducing insulin release
b. Interfering with glucose utilization in tissues
c. Increasing sympathetic activity
d. Increasing corticosteroid secretion
Q. Which of the following is a potassium retaining diuretic:
a. Triamterene
b. Trimethoprim
c. Tizanidine
d. Trimetazidine
Q. Choose the correct statement about osmotic diuretics:
a. They are large molecular weight substances which form colloidal solution
b. Their primary site of action is collecting ducts in the kidney
c. They increase water excretion without increasing salt excretion
d. They can lower intraocular pressure
Q. The primary mechanism by which antidiuretic hormone reduces urine volume is:
a. Decrease in glomerular filtration rate
b. Decreased renal blood flow
c. Decreased water permeability of descending limb of loop of Henle
d. Increased water permeability of collecting duct cells
Q. The primary mechanism by which heparin prevents coagulation of blood is:
a. Direct inhibition of prothrombin to thrombin conversion
b. Facilitation of antithrombin III mediated inhibition of factor Xa and thrombin
c. Activation of antithrombin III to inhibit factors IX and XI
d. Inhibition of factors XIIa and XIIIa
Q. Low concentrations of heparin selectively interfere with the following coagulation pathway(s):
a. Intrinsic pathway
b. Extrinsic pathway
c. Common pathway
d. Both ‘A’ and ‘C’
Q. Low doses of heparin prolong:
a. Bleeding time
b. Activated partial thromboplastin time
c. Prothrombin time
d. Both ‘B’ and ‘C’
Q. Low molecular weight heparins differ from unfractionated heparin in that:
a. They selectively inhibit factor Xa
b. They do not significantly prolong clotting time
c. They are metabolized slowly and have longer duration of action
d. All of the above are correct
Q. Low molecular weight heparins have the following advantages over unfractionated heparinexcept:
a. Higher efficacy in arterial thrombosis
b. Less frequent dosing
c. Higher and more consistent subcutaneous bioavailability
d. Laboratory monitoring of response not required
Q. Choose the drug of which IUPAC name is 1,1-dimethylbiguanide.
a. Glipizide
b. Metformin
c. Pioglitazone
d. Tolbutamide
Q. Which fibrinolytic agent(s) selectively activate(s) fibrin bound plasminogen rather thancirculating plasminogen:
a. Urokinase
b. Streptokinase
c. Alteplase
d. Both ‘A’ and ‘C’