Top 150+ Solved Pharmaceutical Chemistry - Medicinal Chemistry 4 MCQ Questions Answer
Q. Though nitrates and calcium channel blockers are both vasodilators, they are used concurrentlyin angina pectoris, because:
a. They antagonise each other’s side effects
b. Nitrates primarily reduce preload while calcium channel blockers primarily reduce after-load
c. Nitrates increase coronary flow while calcium channel blockers reduce cardiac work
d. Both ‘B’ and ‘C’ are correct
Q. The most likely mechanism of antihypertensive action of thiazide diuretics in the long-term is:
a. Reduction of circulating blood volume
b. Reduction in cardiac output
c. Decreased sympathetic tone
d. Reduction in total peripheral vascular resistance and improved compliance of resistance Vessels
Q. Methyldopa differs from clonidine in the following respect:
a. It is less likely to cause rebound hypertension on sudden discontinuation
b. It does not reduce plasma renin activity
c. It has a central as well as peripheral site of antihypertensive action
d. It does not produce central side effects
Q. Used alone the following antihypertensive drug tends to increase cardiac work and canprecipitate angina:
a. Clonidine
b. Hydralazine
c. Captopril
d. Prazosin
Q. is a directly acting vasodilator, but is not used alone as an antihypertensive because:
a. By itself, it is a low efficacy antihypertensive
b. Effective doses cause marked postural hypotension
c. Tolerance to the antihypertensive action develops early due to counterregulatory mechanisms
d. It primarily reduces systolic blood pressure with little effect on diastolic blood pressure
Q. Long-term hydralazine therapy is likely to cause:
a. Gynaecomastia
b. Thrombocytopenia
c. Haemolytic anaemia
d. Lupus erythematosus
Q. The following vasodilator(s) act(s) by opening K+ channels in the vascular smooth muscle:
a. Dipyridamole
b. Minoxidil
c. Diazoxide
d. Both ‘B’ and ‘C’
Q. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors are contraindicated in:
a. High renin hypertensives
b. Diabetics
c. Congestive heart failure patients
d. Pregnant women
Q. Secretion of K+ in the late distal tubule and collecting ducts of kidney depends on:
a. Intracellular K+ content
b. Unabsorbed Na+ load presented to the distal segment
c. Aldosterone level
d. All of the above
Q. Metformin belongs to which class?
a. Sulphonylureas
b. Meglitinide analogues
c. Biguanides
d. Thiazolidinediones
Q. Diuretics acting on the ascending limb of loop of Henle are the most efficacious in promotingsalt and water excretion because:
a. Maximum percentage of salt and water is reabsorbed in this segment
b. Reabsorptive capacity of the segments distal to it is limited
c. This segment is highly permeable to both salt and water
d. This segment is responsible for creating corticomedullary osmotic gradient
Q. Furosemide acts by inhibiting the following in the renal tubular cell:
a. Na+-K+-2Cl– cotransporter
b. Na+-Cl– symporter
c. Na+-H+ antiporter
d. Na+ K+ ATPase
Q. Thiazide diuretics and furosemide have directionally opposite effect on the net renal excretion ofthe following substance:
a. Uric acid
b. Calcium
c. Magnesium
d. Bicarbonate
Q. The Na+-Cl– symport in the early distal convoluted tubule of the kidney is inhibited by:
a. Thiazides
b. Metolazone
c. Xipamide
d. All of the above
Q. Choose the correct statement about thiazide diuretics:
a. They act in the proximal convoluted tubule
b. They are uricosuric
c. They augment corticomedullary osmotic gradient
d. They induce diuresis in acidosis as well as alkalosis