Top 80+ Solved General Physiology MCQ Questions Answer

a. the loops of Henle act as counter current exchanges

b. solutes diffuse out of vessels conducting blood towards the cortex

c. water diffuses out of ascending vessels

d. water diffuses into the collecting ducts

e. counter current exchange is passive and can operate even if counter current multiplication ceases

a. is initiated by efflux of Na+

b. is terminated by efflux of K+

c. declines in amplitude as it moves along the axon

d. results in transient reversal of the concentration gradient of Na+ across the cell membrane

e. is not associated with any net movement of Na+ or K+ across the cell membrane

a. an average 500ml/hr into the circulation

b. proportional to interstitial fluid pressure

c. increased with decreased interstitial fluid protein

d. decreased with contraction of muscles

e. decreased with elevated capillary pressure

a. it accounts for 40% of body weight

b. its volume can be estimated using radio-active inulin

c. it contains more protein (in mg/L water) than extracellular fluid

d. the composition of intracellular fluid varies with the nature and function of the cell

e. all of the above are true

a. control of sodium balance is the major mechanism maintaining ECF volume

b. a rise in ECF volume stimulates vasopressin secretion

c. osmotic stimuli over-ride volume stimuli in the regulation of vasopressin secretion

d. vasopressin causes Na+ retention by the kidney

e. angiotensin II inhibits aldosterone secretion

a. the rate of HCO3 reabsorption is inversely proportional to the arterial PCO2

b. in respiratory acidosis, HCO3 reabsorption is reduced

c. changes in plasma chloride concentration are proportional to CHO3 concentration

d. in respiratory alkalosis, renal H+ secretion is increased

e. HCO3 reabsorption depends upon the rate of H+ secretion by the renal tubular cells

a. approximately 60% of filtered calcium is reabsorbed by the kidney

b. absorption of calcium in the gastrointestinal tract is mainly by passive diffusion

c. the extent of Ca++ binding by plasma proteins is inversely proportionate to the plasma protein level

d. levels of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol fall in the presence of increased plasma Ca++

e. the majority of calcium present in bone is readily exchangeable

a. increase Cl- secretion into the intestinal lumen

b. increase Na+ absorption in the small intestine

c. increase K+ secretion into the colon

d. increase Na+/K+ co-transport K+ secretion into the colon

e. none of the above

a. L-dopa

b. dopamine

c. noradrenaline

d. adrenaline

e. acetylcholine