Top 550+ Solved Physiology MCQ Questions Answer
Q. Osmolality of tubular fluid:
a. isotonic in proximal tubule
b. isotonic in loop of Henle
c. hypertonic in ascending limb loop of Henle
d. hypotonic in collecting duct
e. hypotonic in proximal tubule
Q. Regarding the kidney and urine formation:
a. specific gravity is measure of osmolality
b. thin ascending limb relatively impermeable to water
c. thin ascending limb relatively impermeable to Na+ Cl-
d. water diuresis begins about 1 hour after ingestion of a water load
e. high protein diet does not affect concentrating ability of kidney
Q. Regarding tubular reabsorption in kidney:
a. glucose and amino acids passively reabsorbed
b. Cl- mainly actively reabsorbed
c. only passive reabsorption occurs in proximal tubule
d. urea is not passively reabsorbed
e. Na+ actively reabsorbed in most parts of tubule
Q. In the presence of vasopressin, most filtered water is absorbed in the:
a. proximal tubule
b. loop of Henle
c. distal tubule
d. cortical collecting system
e. medullary collecting system
Q. All of the following affect glomerular filtration, EXCEPT:
a. changes in renal flood flow
b. urethral obstruction
c. dehydration
d. oedema outside the renal capsule
e. glomerular capillary permeability
Q. The thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle:
a. is impermeable to water
b. has maximal permeability to NaCl
c. is relatively permeable to water
d. is impermeable to NaCl
e. is a site where there is no active transport of sodium
Q. In the normal bladder, micturition:
a. is initiated by the pelvic nerves
b. is co-ordinated in the lumbar portion of the spinal cord
c. is initiated at a volume of 600mls
d. is significantly affected by sympathetic nerves
e. is not facilitated at the level of the brain stem
Q. All the following statements regarding the atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) are trueEXCEPT:
a. it causes natriuresis
b. it lowers blood pressure
c. circulating ANP has a short half-life
d. ANP has the greatest affinity for the ANPR-B receptor of the glomerulus
e. it is released when atrial muscle is stretched
Q. Which part of the renal tubule is Na+ NOT actively transported out of?
a. proximal convoluted tubule
b. thin portions of the loop of Henle
c. thick ascending limb of loop of Henle
d. distal convoluted tubule
e. collecting duct
Q. Where is the macula densa located?
a. afferent arteriole
b. efferent arteriole
c. proximal convoluted tubule
d. thick ascending limb of loop of Henle
e. distal convoluted tubule
Q. What percentage of cardiac output goes to the kidneys at rest?
a. 10%
b. 15%
c. 25%
d. 35%
e. 45%
Q. Angiotensin II:
a. constricts afferent arterioles only
b. constricts efferent arterioles only
c. constricts afferent and efferent arterioles
d. dilates afferent arterioles
e. dilates efferent arterioles
Q. Regarding nephrons permeability:
a. glomerular capillaries are 100 times more permeable than skeletal muscle capillaries
b. anionic substances are more permeable than neutral substances
c. N (?normal) glomerular concentration of albumin is 0.2% of plasma concentration
d. neutral substances are freely filtered with diameters < 8nm
e. 100mg/d of protein is filtered at the glomerulus
Q. Where does glucose reabsorption occur?
a. proximal convoluted tubule
b. thin descending limb of loop of Henle
c. thick ascending limb of loop of Henle
d. distal convoluted tubule
e. collecting duct
Q. Vasopressin acts as the:
a. proximal convoluted tubule
b. loop of Henle
c. distal convoluted tubule
d. cortical portion of the collecting duct
e. medullary portion of the collecting duct