Top 550+ Solved Physiology MCQ Questions Answer
Q. Normal values for renal function include all of the following EXCEPT:
a. filtration fraction =0.2
b. 22% of cardiac output
c. GFR = 180 litres/day
d. RPF = 900 litres/day
e. Tm glucose = 450 mg/minute
Q. Regarding renal handling of potassium, which is INCORRECT?
a. 10 to 15% of filtered load may be excreted in urine
b. two potassium per sodium are reabsorbed in thick ascending limb
c. excretion decreased in acidosis
d. distal tubular secretion is capable of “adaptation” depending on demand
e. aldosterone increases distal tubular secretion in exchange for sodium
Q. Regarding the kidney:
a. prostaglandins decrease blood flow in renal cortex
b. acetylcholine produces renal vasoconstriction
c. angiotensin II causes constriction of efferent arterioles
d. angiotensin II causes constriction of afferent arterioles
e. glomerular capillary pressure normally is about 100mmHg
Q. Glucose reabsorption is most marked in which segment of the glomerulus?
a. the proximal convoluted tubule
b. the distal convoluted tubule
c. the descending loop of Henle
d. the ascending loop of Henle
e. the collecting system
Q. Why is NSAIDs use a relative contraindication in patients with chronic renal failure?
a. direct toxic effects on proximal tubule
b. direct toxic effects on collecting ducts
c. indirect toxic effects on loop of Henle
d. inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis which is an important regulator of renal blood flow in arterioles
e. inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis which is an important regulator of renal blood flow in main renal arteries
Q. Characteristics of a substance suitable for measuring GFR do NOT include:
a. freely filtered
b. not toxic
c. no effect on filtration rate
d. not metabolised
e. of low molecular weight
Q. Amino acid reabsorption is most marked in which segment of the glomerulus?
a. the proximal convoluted tubule
b. the distal convoluted tubule
c. the descending loop of Henle
d. the ascending loop of Henle
e. the collecting duct
Q. Which of the following substances would NOT cause contraction of mesangial cells?
a. angiotensin II
b. dopamine
c. vasopressin
d. histamine
e. platelet activating factor
Q. Chloride may be reabsorbed in the nephron by:
a. passive reabsorption
b. active co-transport with K+ and Na+
c. OH- /Cl- antiport
d. all of the above
e. none of the above
Q. Which of these factors do NOT affect GFR?
a. renal blood flow
b. ureteral obstruction
c. dehydration
d. a neutral molecule measuring 4 manometer
e. angiotensin II effects on mesangial cells
Q. The collecting duct is the main site of action for which of the following drugs?
a. ethanol
b. demeclocycline
c. thiazide diuretics
d. ethacrynic acid
e. caffeine
Q. Which is NOT true of osmotic diuresis?
a. osmotic diuresis is due to the quantity of unreabsorbed solutes
b. decreased water reabsorption in proximal tubules and loops
c. reduced Na+ reabsorption as the limiting concentration gradient is exceeded
d. net loss of Na+ in urine
e. normal water reabsorption in proximal portion of tubules
Q. Which of these is NOT a factor affecting acid secretion?
a. intracellular PCO2
b. carbonic anhydrase level
c. K+ concentration
d. aldosterone concentration
e. none of the above
Q. Regarding the kidney:
a. glucose is reabsorbed mainly in distal tubule
b. normal GFR is 125ml/hour
c. glomeruli filter 180L fluid per day
d. Na+ is actively transported out of think loop of Henle
e. ethanol promotes vasopressin secretion
Q. Regarding renal blood flow:
a. blood flow greatest to medulla
b. pressure in renal vein is about 20mmHg
c. angiotensin II constricts efferent arterioles
d. prostaglandins increase blood flow in cortex and medulla
e. renal blood flow = renal plasma flow x 1 haematocrit