Top 550+ Solved Physiology MCQ Questions Answer
Q. In the presence of vasopressin, most filtered water is absorbed in the?
a. proximal tubule
b. loop of Henle
c. distal tubule
d. cortical collecting system
e. medullary collecting system
Q. Which pattern of laboratory findings in the tale below is most consistent with a diagnosis of diabetes insipidis? 24 Hr Urine Vol Ketones Glucose Protein
a. 4.0 + 0 0
b. 6.2 2+ 4+ 0
c. 1.6 0 0 4+
d. 6.4 0 0 0
e. 5.0 0 0 3+
Q. On which of the following does aldosterone exert its greatest effect?
a. glomerulus
b. proximal tubule
c. thin portion of loop of Henle
d. thick portion of look of Henle
e. cortical collecting system
Q. What is the clearance of a substance when its concentration in plasma is 1mg/ml, itsconcentration in urine is 10mg/ml and the urine flow is 2ml/min?
a. 2ml/min
b. 10ml/min
c. 20ml/min
d. 200ml/min
e. clearance cannot be determined from the information given
Q. Glucose reabsorption occurs in the:
a. proximal tubule
b. loop of Henle
c. distal tubule
d. cortical collecting system
e. medullary collecting system
Q. As urine flow increases during osmotic diuresis:
a. the osmolality of urine falls
b. the osmolality of urine increases
c. the osmolality of urine approaches that of plasma
d. the osmolality of urine is unchanged
e. the osmolality of urine depends primarily on other factors
Q. Which of the following is NOT true regarding the voiding reflex?
a. it involves parasympathetic fibres
b. it remains intact in the period of spinal shock following transaction of the spinalcord
c. it occurs when the bladder volume reaches 300-400mls
d. it is integrated in the sacral segments of the spinal cord
e. its threshold is altered by inhibitory fibres from the brainstem
Q. Which of the following substances is NOT actively secreted in to the tubular lumen by the proximal renal tubule?
a. urate
b. para-amino hippuric acid
c. catecholamines
d. sodium
e. creatinine
Q. Angiotensin II causes:
a. greater constriction of efferent than afferent arterioles
b. greater construction of afferent than efferent arterioles
c. constriction of afferent arterioles only
d. constriction of efferent arterioles only
e. has no effect on arteriolar constriction
Q. With regard to the effect of hormones on renal tubules, which is CORRECT?
a. aldosterone increases potassium reabsorption from the distal tubule
b. angiotensin II increases hydrogen ion secretion from the proximal tubules
c. ADH increases water reabsorption in the proximal tubule
d. atrial naturetic peptide decreases sodium reabsorption from the proximal tubules
e. parathyroid hormone increases phosphate reabsorption
Q. With regard to tuboglomerular feedback:
a. the GFR increases when flow through the distal tubule increases
b. the macula densa on the afferent arteriole is the sensor
c. the afferent arteriole is constricted by thromboxane A2
d. it is designed to maintain sodium reabsorption
e. it does not operate in individual nephrons
Q. The primary reason for the decreased medullary hypertonicity associated withosmotic diuresis is:
a. an associated increased urine volume
b. the limiting concentration gradient for sodium reabsorption is reached
c. tubular fluid has an increased sodium concentration
d. the total amount of sodium reaching the loop of Henle is increased
e. the associated maximal vasopressin secretion
Q. With respect to renal handling of glucose:
a. glucose is reabsorbed from within the distal tubule by co-transport
b. glucose is reabsorbed from within the proximal tubule by facilitated diffusion
c. glucose is always completely reabsorbed
d. movement of glucose from tubular epithelial cells is by passive diffusion
e. none of the above
Q. Creatinine:
a. is synthesised in the liver from methionine, glycine and anganine
b. is converted directly to creatine
c. has variable excretion from day to day
d. creatinuria occurs normally in the elderly and in pregnant women
e. all of the above
Q. The thin ascending loop of Henle is:
a. relatively permeable to water
b. relatively impermeable to sodium ion
c. permeable to both water and sodium ion
d. relatively impermeable to water
e. relatively impermeable to both water and sodium ion