Top 550+ Solved Physiology MCQ Questions Answer
Q. The glomerular filtration rate:
a. is usually in the order of 125mL/min for an average healthy male
b. is equal to the clearance of creatinine
c. is indirectly related to filtration coefficient
d. is determined by [urine]inulin
Q. Which of the following will cause an increase in GFR?
a. dehydration
b. ureteral obstruction
c. afferent arteriole constriction
d. hypoproteinaemia
Q. Na+ resorption does not occur in which part of the nephron?
a. proximal convoluted tubule
b. thin descending loop of Henle
c. thick ascending loop of Henle
d. distal convoluted tubule
e. collecting duct
Q. Which is NOT resorbed via cotransport with Na+ in the PCT?
a. lactate
b. phosphate
c. hydrogen
d. amino acids
e. collecting duct
Q. Fanconi’s syndrome of decreased levels of ATP in the tubular epithelium of the PCT:
a. decreases Na+ extrusion from the cell into the interstitium
b. causes increased phosphate absorption
c. causes metabolic alkalosis
d. results in decreased amino acid excretion
e. collecting duct
Q. Anti-diuretic hormone controls the concentration of urine,
a. and can concentrate urine to up to 2500mosm/kg H??? H2O
b. in its absence, the collecting duct is impermeable to water
c. causing the ultimate resorption of up to 99.7% of the filtrate
d. by causing upregulation of aquaporin-1 channels
e. collecting duct
Q. In the nervous control of the bladder which nerves do NOT play a role in micturition?
a. sympathetic nerves from L2 in hypogastric nerve
b. somatic motor neurons in pudendal nerve
c. sensory neurons to S2/3 in pelvic nerves
d. parasympathetic supply in pelvic nerves
e. collecting duct
Q. Which is the least significant buffering system in the blood?
a. H+ + plasma protein HProt
b. H+ +HPO4 2- H2PO4-
c. H+ + HCO3 - H2CO3
d. H+ + Hb HHb
e. collecting duct
Q. In which body compartment is the bicarb buffering system least important?
a. intracellular
b. interstitial
c. CSF
d. blood
e. collecting duct
Q. In which state is extracellular buffering more important than intracellular?
a. respiratory acidosis
b. respiratory alkalosis
c. metabolic acidosis
d. metabolic alkalosis
e. collecting duct
Q. Renal acid secretion is enhanced by:
a. respiratory acidosis
b. respiratory alkalosis
c. hyperkalaemia
d. carbonic anhydrase inhibition
e. collecting duct
Q. Carbonic anhydrase is not inhibited by:
a. cyanide
b. zinc
c. azide
d. sulphide
e. collecting duct
Q. What increases GFR:
a. moderate constriction of efferent arterioles
b. moderate constriction of afferent arterioles
c. increased Bowman’s capsule pressure
d. increased glomerular capillary osmotic pressure
e. collecting duct
Q. What increases the anion gap:
a. increased concentration of Mg2+
b. decreased concentration of plasma proteins
c. decreased concentration of lactate
d. increased concentration of ketoacids
e. collecting duct
Q. Which is CORRECT?
a. humans have approximately 1.3 million nephrons
b. glomerular membrane excludes substances greater than 4nm in diameter
c. total area of glomerular capillary endothelium is 8m2
d. nephrons length is 45-65mm
e. collecting duct