Top 550+ Solved Physiology MCQ Questions Answer

a. does not have a reflex like somatic nervous system

b. has dopamine as the main transmitter

c. has cholinergic division which increases activity of the intestinal musculature and increases gastric secretion

d. neurotransmitter noradrenaline is metabolised by pseudocholinesterase

e. is not involved with visceral sensation

a. an average 500ml/hr into the circulation

b. proportional to interstitial fluid pressure

c. increased with decreased interstitial fluid protein

d. decreased with contraction of muscles

e. decreased with elevated capillary pressure

a. it accounts for 40% of body weight

b. its volume can be estimated using radio-active inulin

c. it contains more protein (in mg/L water) than extracellular fluid

d. the composition of intracellular fluid varies with the nature and function of the cell

e. all of the above are true

a. control of sodium balance is the major mechanism maintaining ECF volume

b. a rise in ECF volume stimulates vasopressin secretion

c. osmotic stimuli over-ride volume stimuli in the regulation of vasopressin secretion

d. vasopressin causes Na+ retention by the kidney

e. angiotensin II inhibits aldosterone secretion

a. the rate of HCO3 reabsorption is inversely proportional to the arterial PCO2

b. in respiratory acidosis, HCO3 reabsorption is reduced

c. changes in plasma chloride concentration are proportional to CHO3 concentration

d. in respiratory alkalosis, renal H+ secretion is increased

e. HCO3 reabsorption depends upon the rate of H+ secretion by the renal tubular cells

a. approximately 60% of filtered calcium is reabsorbed by the kidney

b. absorption of calcium in the gastrointestinal tract is mainly by passive diffusion

c. the extent of Ca++ binding by plasma proteins is inversely proportionate to the plasma protein level

d. levels of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol fall in the presence of increased plasma Ca++

e. the majority of calcium present in bone is readily exchangeable

a. increase Cl- secretion into the intestinal lumen

b. increase Na+ absorption in the small intestine

c. increase K+ secretion into the colon

d. increase Na+/K+ co-transport K+ secretion into the colon

e. none of the above

a. is initiated by efflux of Na+

b. is terminated by efflux of K+

c. declines in amplitude as it moves along the axon

d. results in transient reversal of the concentration gradient of Na+ across the cell membrane

e. is not associated with any net movement of Na+ or K+ across the cell membrane

a. L-dopa

b. dopamine

c. noradrenaline

d. adrenaline

e. acetylcholine

a. decreasing the external Na+ concentration increases the size of the action potential

b. decreasing the external K+ concentration decreases the resting membrane potential

c. increasing the external Na+ concentration decreases the resting membrane potential

d. decreasing the external K+ concentration has little effect on the resting membrane potential

e. none of the above are true

a. acetylcholine

b. stretch

c. cold

d. noradrenaline

e. parasympathetic stimulation

a. it contributes to 10% of body weight

b. can easily be measured by radioisotope chromium

c. if the plasma volume is known, the blood volume can be calculated by multiplying100-HCT/100

d. measured by injecting Evans blue

e. the average plasma volume is 500ml

a. the ECF represents 20% of body weight

b. the blood volume represents 8% of the body weight

c. the 2/3 of the body water is in ICF

d. 18% of the body weight is protein

e. the transcellular fluids contribute to 5% of the body weight

a. diffusion depends on concentration gradient of the solutes

b. osmotic pressure of a solution is inversely related to the volume of the solution

c. when 5% dextrose is infused, it becomes hypotonic to the plasma in the body

d. osmolality is defined as osmotically active particles in 1L of solution

e. osmolality is defined as a number of osmotically active particles in 1kg of solvent

a. the diameter of the cell membrane is about 7.5nm

b. 50% of the cell membrane is made up of proteins

c. the main lipids of the cell membrane are phospholipids

d. the hydrophilic ends of the lipid molecules are faced towards the interior of the cell membrane

e. the proteins in the cell membrane function as carriers, ion channels, enzymes and receptors